Garner will succeed Russell Collins who is retiring from Deloitte at the end of May.
Garner is head of the UK bank and deputy chief executive at HSBC Bank with responsibility for HSBC’s retail and commercial banking business in the UK.
He said: “A safer and trusted financial services industry is vital. I am delighted to get the opportunity to play a role in shaping the regulatory decision process which could benefit consumers and regulated firms for a generation.”
Adair Turner, chairman of the FSA, said: “This is a period of great change to the UK’s regulatory framework and the involvement of senior practitioners adds great value.
“I am pleased Joe has agreed to take on this important role and would like to extend my thanks to Russell Collins for his time as chairman.”