Maggie Craig, director of life and savings at the ABI, will serve as acting-Director General while a permanent replacement for Ms Kelly is found.
A former Executive Director and CEO of the Insurance Council of Australia, Ms Kelly took up the role in early 2010.
Outgoing ABI Chairman, Archie Kane, said: "Although she has only been here for a short time, Kerrie has had the drive and energy to make an impact on the organisation and the industry during an important period. I am grateful for her contribution and wish her well in her future endeavours.
"With over 30 years of experience at the cutting edge of financial services and the insurance industry, Maggie Craig possesses all of the qualities required to step up to this challenging role."